Conifers, Cycads, and Ginkgo
These plants are not flowering plants, but many are important in landscapes and collections.
Conifers
Section titled “Conifers”| Kind | Examples | Common uses |
|---|---|---|
| Pines | Pinus species | Timber, shade, bonsai, windbreaks |
| Cypresses | Cupressus, Chamaecyparis | Screens, formal hedges, columns |
| Junipers | Juniperus species | Groundcovers, bonsai, dry landscapes |
| Firs and spruces | Abies, Picea | Cool-climate ornamentals, Christmas trees |
| Cedars and relatives | Cedrus, Thuja, Cryptomeria | Specimen trees, hedges, shelter belts |
| Podocarps | Podocarpus species | Warm-climate screens and topiary |
Cycads
Section titled “Cycads”Cycads look palm-like but are ancient cone-bearing seed plants. They grow slowly, often need excellent drainage, and may be toxic if eaten.
Common kinds include sago palm, zamia, dioon, encephalartos, and macrozamia.
Ginkgo
Section titled “Ginkgo”Ginkgo biloba is the only living species in its lineage. It is a tough deciduous tree used in streets and large gardens. Male selections are usually planted to avoid fruit odor.
Care Pattern
Section titled “Care Pattern”Most conifers want bright light and good drainage. Many resent waterlogged soil. Cycads are especially vulnerable to rot when overwatered or planted too deep.